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                                                Watch the Avengers Trailer

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Milk topic

 Milk is a white liquid produced by the mammary glands of mammals.  It is an almost nearly complete food for humans and is an excellent culture medium for many microbial species.  The product is consumed with/without further processing by the general population.  Freshly drawn milk varies in chemical composition.  Some of the more important causes of variation are the species of mammal, the breed, the age of the individual, the stage of her lactation, her feed, her health and the season of the year.  Based on the analysis of  a large number of milk samples, the average chemical composition is as follows;

Water                              -        87.3%

Lactose                           -        5.0%

Fat                                  -        3.8%

Casein                             -        2.5%

Albumin& Globulin          -        0.7%

Mineral (ash)                   -        0.7%

Energy                            -        275kj/gm

Milk also contains vitamins A, B₁ or thiamin and B₂ or riboflavin.  It contains. significant amounts of saturated fat, protein and calcium as well as vitamin C and its pH ranging from 6.4 to 6.8, making it slightly acidic  Milk provides essential nutrients for excellent growth of many microorganisms.

Milk secreted into the udders of a healthy cow/buffalo is sterile, but it frequently gets contaminated at the time it is drawn from the cow/buffalo.  Milk may be further contaminated during subsequent handling and processing.  The object is to prevent the spread of disease, to prevent the spoilage of milk, and to produce desirable products from milk (Butter, Ghee and SMP)

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